چک های بانکی انواع مختلفی دارند که که هر کدام کارکرد و شرایط خاص خود را دارند.
در ادامه به بررسی انواع چک های بانکی می پردازیم.
همان چک هایی است که در موقع گشایش حساب جاری با تقاضای کتبی مشتری در اختیار وی قرار می گیرد
تا با صدور هر برگ از آن از حساب خود مبلغی برداشت یا به حساب دیگری منتقل کند.
رایج ترین نوع استفاده از چک در ایران همین روش می باشد.
چکی است که به وسیله یک بانک عهده شعب همان بانک یا عهده حساب آن بانک در بانک دیگری و به تقاضای مشتری صادر می گردد.
این چک ها دارای نمونه مخصوصی بوده و برای صدور آن رعایت موارد زیر الزامی است.
• چک بانکی به نام کسی صادر می گردد که متقاضی صدور چک درخواست نماید
• تاریخ چک تماما با حروف نوشته می شود
• کلمه حواله کرد قلم گرفته می شود
• چک در وجه حامل صادر نمی گردد
• روی مبلغ عددی را با نوار چسب پوشانده و همچنین وجه چک علاوه بر مبلغ عددی و حروفی بر روی چک پرفراز شود
• کلیه چک های بانکی با هر مبلغی که صادر می شود باید دارای اعداد رمز باشد (بعضی از بانک ها تا میزان معینی از وجه چک را بدون رمز صادر می کنند)
• شماره و مهر دارنده امضا و همچنین مهر شعبه (بر اساس روش هر بانک) در متن چک نقش شده باشد.
به منظور تشویق مردم به استفاده بیشتر از چک بانکی به جای انتقال پول نقد نقرر گردیده که بعضی از شعب بانک های تجاری عهده شعب بانک های دیگر چک بانکی صادر نمایند.
این قبیل چک های بانکی برای بری کردن دین یا منظور نمودن به سایر حساب ها و پرداخت وجه الضمانِ ضمانتنامه ها استفاده می شود.
بنابراین هیچ موقع نقد نمی شوند.
هنگامی که دارنده حساب (صادر کننده چک) بخواهد گردش یا انتقال چک را محدود نماید
بر روی چک صادره به نام شخص معین دو خط موازی مورب رسم کرده و به ذینفع می دهد.
این نوع چک ها را چک های بسته می نامند و پرداخت وجه چک به صورت نقد امکان پذیر نیست.
بلکه ذینفع باید وجه آن را به حساب خود نزد بانکی که در آنجا حساب دارد منظور نماید.
این نوع چک بسته را چک بسته عام می نامند.
در صورتی که صادر کننده چک در بین دو خط موازی مورب نام بانکی را قید کرده باشد، وجه چک باید توشط همان بانک وصول و پس از وصول به حساب ذینفع منظور شود.
این نوع چک بسته را چک بسته خاص می نامند.
برای آزاد کردن چک بسته صادر کننده می تواند بر روی خطوط موازی خط کشیده و در پشت چک، قلم خوردگی را از جانب خود گواهی نماید.
اگر دارنده حساب بخواهد چکی صادر نموده و وجه آن را از بانک دریافت کند
اما دسته چک خود را همراه نداشته باشد،
می تواند از بانک تقاضاکند یک برگ چک عمومی آزاد در اختیار او بگذارد.
این چک مانند چک عادی به جریان گذاشته می شود، ولی به هیچ عنوان ظهر نویسی یا انتقال نمی پذیرد.
یکی دیگر از انواع چک بانکی، چکی است که از طرف بانک های مجاز صادر شده
و در اختیار مسافرینی که قصد عزیمت به خارج از کشور را دارند، قرار می گیرد.
صادر کننده این گونه چک ها پرداخت وجه آن چک را تضمین کرده و در قبال ارزهای مختلف و به موجب شرایطی به بانک های تقاضا کننده تحویل می دهد.
دارنده چک هر زمانی که بخواهد از وجه چک های مذکور استفاده نماید، باید مجددا در قسمت بالای چک مسافرتی امضای دیگری نماید.
چکی است که از طرف بانکی مجاز علیه همان بانکصادر می گردد.
مبلغ مذکور در آن از طرف بانک صادر کننده تامین و تضمین شده و دارن ده آن مالک آن شناخته می شود.
رویه ای که برای صدور چک مسافرتی برای خرج کردن در خارج از کشور ذکر شد در داخل کشور نیز جاری است
با این تفاوت که هر یک از بانک ها بنا به ذوق و سلیقه خود برای این گونه چک ها اسم خاصی در نظر گرفته است.
چک کیش بانک ملی، چک کارت و چک کیش بانک تجارت، چک قرمز و چک در گردش بانک صادرات از نمونه این چک ها می باشند.
در این نوشته سعی کردیم شما را با انواع چک و کارکردهای هر کدام آشنا کنیم،
چنانچه در مورد چک و موضوعات قضایی مربوط به آن هر گونه سوالی دارید،
کارشناسان ما در بخش مشاوره حقوقی چک آماده پاسخگویی به شما عزیزان می باشند.
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