مسائل حقوقی مربوط به اوتانازيا (بخش چهارم)
در قانون اوتانازياي هلند مقررات و شرايط دقيقي پيش بيني شده است و پزشكان در صورت قصور و تخطّي از آن مورد تعقيب قرار گيرند بعضي از اين شروط عبارت است از :
سایت مشاوره حقوقی بیان می کند :
ـ پزشك بايد يقين حاصل كند كه بيمار به طور ارادي درخواست اوتانازي مي كند و خود همه چيز را در نظر گرفته است بيمار بايد آزاد باشد و بتواند هر سؤالي را كه مي خواهد از پزشك بپرسد .
ـ بيمار بايد بر درخواست خود اصرار و تداوم داشته باشد .
ـ بيمار درمان ناپذير و رنج و درد ناشي از آن غيرقابل باشد .
ـ بيمار از وضعيت و دور نماي زندگي خود آگاه باشد .
ـ بيمار بايد با حداقل يك پزشك ديگر هم مشورت كند .
ـ بيمار بايد از نظر فكري و رواني در وضعيت سالم و طبيعي قرار داشته باشد .
ـ بيمار بايد رضايت كتبي و درخواست صريح خود را براي اوتانازيا اعلام نمايد .
ـ بيمار بايد در تقاضاي اوتانازيا پيش قدم شود و پزشك نيز از سوي اطرافيان تحت فشار قرار گرفته باشد و …
وکیل دعاوی حقوقی در ادامه توضیح می دهد :
? مقابله اروپا با قانون اوتانازيا هلند
لايحة قانوني كه در نوامبر گذشته در سناي هلند تصويب شد و ملكة بئاتريس آن را توشيح كرد واكنشهاي بسياري را در جوامع اروپايي به دنبال داشت . واتيكان اين قانونگزاري را در مورد پزشكاني كه مرتكب اين عمل شوند با مأموران اعدام مقايسه كرد . وزير بهداشت روسيه هشدار داد « در كشور ما اوتانازيا نمي تواند وجود داشته باشد دانشكده پزشكي ما و اعتقادات جامعه و فرهنگ و تاريخ ما اجازه تصويب آن را نخواهد داد و من از هم اكنون مي توانم بگويم كه اين موضوع موجب سوء استفاده مجرمين خواهد شد . » جامعة اوتانازياي ارادي انگليس اين قانونگزاري را بخشي از تمايل جهاني ناميد و همچنين عنوان شد كه بلژيك و اسپانيا از كشورهايي هستند كه به اين قانون توجه دارند .
نتايج نظر سنجي هايي كه انجام شد نشان داد كه در سال 1997 ، 57% در امريكا ، 76% در كانادا ، 80% در انگليس و 81 % در استراليا و 92 % در هلند موافق اوتانازيا بودند .
?اعتقادات مذهبي در مورد اوتانازيا
در قرن سيزدهم ميلادي توماس اكوئين تماس موارد خودكشي را مردود دانسته است به اين علت كه :
ـ اين عمل زير پا گذاشتن خواستها و آرزوهاي طبيعي شخصي براي زنده بودن است .
از طریق سایت مشاوره حقوقی می توانید جهت مشاوره تلفنی ، اینترنتی و یا حضوری با وکیل دعاوی خانواده استفاده کنید .
ـ اين كار به ديگر انسانها لطمه مي زند .
ـ زندگي هدية خداوند است و تنها خود او مي تواند آن را بگيرد .
كليساي كاتوليك لهستان مخالفت خود را با قانون جديد اين گونه اعلام كرد : «چنين تصميمي قبلاً توسط نازي هاي آلمان اتخاذ شده بود . اين تلاشي است توسط انسان براي اصلاح كردن خداوند در حالي كه زندگي انسان در دست خويش نيست و ما گيرندة زندگي نيستيم » .
حرمت زندگي انسان ارزشي است اصولي كه پيامبر اسلام بر آن تأكيد فراوان كرده اند . خداوند در قرآن مي فرمايد : « هر كسي نفسي را بدون حق قصاص و يا بي فساد كردن او در زمين به قتل رساند مثل آن است كه همة مردم را كشته و هر كه نفسي را حيات بخشد مثل آن است كه همه را حيات بخشيده است » ( سورة مائده آيه 32 ) .
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